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‘Everything is gone’: Russian business hit hard by tech sanctions

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‘Everything is gone’: Russian business hit hard by tech sanctions

Export controls placed on supply of chips and hardware over Ukraine war dent economy’s prospects.

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Russian business has been plunged into a technological crisis by western sanctions that have created severe bottlenecks in the supply of semiconductors, electrical equipment and the hardware needed to power the nation’s data centres. Most of the world’s largest chip manufacturers, including Intel, Samsung, TSMC and Qualcomm, have halted business to Russia entirely after the US, UK and Europe imposed export controls on products using chips made or designed in the US or Europe. This has created a shortfall in the type of larger, low-end chips that go into the production of cars, household appliances and military equipment. Supplies of more advanced semiconductors, used in cutting-edge consumer electronics and IT hardware, have also been severely curtailed.

And the country’s ability to import foreign tech and equipment containing these chips — including smartphones, networking equipment and data servers — has been drastically stymied. “Entire supply routes for servers to computers to iPhones — everything — is gone,” said one Western chip executive. The unprecedented sweep of western sanctions over President Vladimir Putin’s war in Ukraine are forcing Russia into what the central bank said would be a painful “structural transformation” of its economy. With the country unable to export much of its raw materials, import critical goods or access global financial markets, economists expect Russia’s gross domestic product to contract by as much as 15 per cent this year.

Export controls on “dual use” technology that can have both civilian and military applications — such as microchips, semiconductors, and servers — are likely to have some of the most severe and lasting effects on Russia’s economy. The country’s biggest telecoms groups will be unable to access 5G equipment, while cloud computing products from tech leader Yandex and Sberbank, Russia’s largest bank, will struggle to expand their data centre services.

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Russia lacks an advanced tech sector and consumes less than 1 per cent of the world’s semiconductors. This has meant that technology-specific sanctions have had a much less immediate impact on the country than similar export controls had on China, the behemoth of global tech manufacturing, when they were introduced in 2019. While Russia does have several domestic chip companies, namely JSC Mikron, MCST and Baikal Electronics, Russian groups have previously relied on importing significant quantities of finished semiconductors from foreign manufacturers such as SMIC in China, Intel in the US and Infineon in Germany. MCST and Baikal have relied principally on foundries in Taiwan and Europe for the production of the chips they design.

MCST said on Monday that it was exploring switching its production to Russian factories owned by JSC Mikron, where it said it could create “worthy processors with sovereign Russian technology”, according to business news site RBC. But Sberbank said last year that Elbrus chips, developed by MCST, had “catastrophically” failed tests, showing their memory, processing, and bandwidth capacity to be far below those developed by Intel. In response, the Kremlin is having to get creative.

Russia this month introduced an import scheme whereby companies are allowed to “parallel import” hardware — including servers, cars, phones and semiconductors — from a long list of companies without the consent of the trademark or copyright holder. Russia has historically been able to rely on unauthorised “grey market” supply chains for the provision of some technological and military equipment, purchasing Western products from resellers in Asia and Africa via brokers. But a global dearth of chips and crucial IT hardware has meant that even these channels have dried up. “Some companies have organised supplies from Kazakhstan,” said Karen Kazaryan, head of the Internet Research Institute in Moscow.

“Some second-tier Chinese companies are ready to supply. There is a reserve of components in Russian warehouses . . . but it’s not the volume they need, it’s not stable, and the prices have gone up at least twice.” Russian officials have also explored moving production to foundries in China, but there is little evidence that Beijing is coming to the rescue.

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One leading chip executive said that “in terms of consumer electronics and phones and PCs and data centres, what you see in most cases is that manufacturers from outside Russia are not providing products to Russia even if it contains a legacy chip from China”. They added that despite Xi Jinping’s reluctance to condemn the war in Ukraine, several Chinese companies had decided to stop selling smartphones to Russia — even though these electronics were carved out of sanctions in an effort not to directly punish Russian consumers — because they were concerned about the impact on their brands.

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A dearth of high-end chips has palpably rocked Russia’s nascent cloud computing market, which has grown in recent years thanks to laws mandating companies store data on Russian soil. Since sanctions came into force, Russia’s main cloud service groups — Yandex, VK Cloud Solutions and SberCloud — have experienced a surge in demand for their services because most Russian companies are no longer willing to host their applications in data centres abroad, according to analysts at marketing intelligence group IDC. VK Cloud Solutions wrote to the Kremlin last month requesting urgent help to find “tens of thousands of servers”, according to local media reports.

Domestic companies are no longer able to source these from Western companies, and a shortage of the advanced chips that go into servers is preventing Russian IT manufacturers from ramping up production of their own. In 2021, there were 158,000 of the most ubiquitous servers — known as X86 — delivered to Russia, 27 per cent of which were produced by Russian manufacturers, 39 per cent by US and European vendors, and the rest made in Asia, according to IDC data.

The sanctions have also forced mobile operators to drastically scale back their plans. With no ready domestic replacement for 5G hardware — advanced mobile internet technology manufactured by Nokia, Ericsson, and Huawei — operators will probably attempt to buy up outdated 4G equipment on the secondary market from countries that have already moved on to the next generation of technology, said Grigory Bakunov, a former senior Yandex executive.

He added that the government was likely to advise companies not to build competitors to Western tech leaders, such as Yandex’s fledgling taxi app or VK’s social network. “This is how you solve the issue of what to do for the next five years with no infrastructure,” Bakunov said. “You cut down on how much equipment you use by steadily giving up on competition.”

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Ultimate Guide To Understanding Örviri: History, Traditions, And Culture

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Ultimate Guide To Understanding Örviri: History, Traditions, And Culture

Örviri, a term steeped in rich history and cultural significance, holds the key to unlocking a world of traditions and heritage. In this comprehensive guide, we embark on a journey to delve into the roots, exploring its historical evolution, vibrant traditions, and the cultural tapestry that defines this unique community.

Ancient Roots and Evolution

Örviri history traces back through the annals of time, unveiling a narrative shaped by ancient civilizations and cultural amalgamations. From the nomadic origins to the establishment of settled communities, evolution is a testament to resilience and adaptation.

Key historical events, such as the Great Migration and the formation of early settlements, have left an indelible mark on the cultural landscape. These events not only shaped identity but also influenced neighbouring regions, fostering a dynamic cultural exchange.

Key Historical Figures

Within the pages of Örviri history, we encounter captivating figures whose contributions echo through the ages. Leaders, visionaries, and cultural icons have played pivotal roles in shaping society. Figures like [Name], renowned for [specific contribution], exemplify the spirit of resilience and innovation.

Rituals and Ceremonies

Örviri traditions are alive with rituals and ceremonies, each holding profound significance in the cultural fabric. From age-old rites of passage to ceremonies marking harvests, these traditions bind communities together. The [specific ritual], for instance, symbolises [its meaning], underscoring the deep connection between individuals and their heritage.

Festivals and Celebrations

Örviri festivals are vibrant expressions of communal joy and cultural pride. The [major festival], celebrated annually with fervour, is a spectacle of traditional dance, music, and gastronomy. These celebrations not only provide a window into traditions but also offer a warm invitation for outsiders to partake in the festivities.

Lifestyle and Daily Routines

The Örviri way of life is characterised by a harmonious balance between tradition and modernity. Traditional practices, such as [specific practice], continue to shape daily routines. Yet, communities are adept at navigating the complexities of the modern world while preserving the essence of their cultural heritage.

Art and Craftsmanship

Artistic expressions, whether in pottery, weaving, or storytelling, reflect a deep connection to nature and community. The intricate patterns in crafts often convey narratives of folklore or historical events, making each piece a living testament to the community’s cultural legacy.

Örviri Social Structure

Örviri social structure revolves around strong familial ties and communal bonds. Families and clans play integral roles, and the collective well-being of the community takes precedence over individual pursuits. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for appreciating the intricate web of relationships that sustains society.

ommunication and Language

Characterised by their uniqueness and diversity, are the linguistic threads that weave communities together. The preservation of these languages is not just a linguistic endeavour but a commitment to safeguarding a cultural heritage passed down through generations.

Örviri in the Modern World

In an era of globalisation, Örviri communities are faced with the challenge of preserving their cultural identity. Organisations and initiatives, such as [specific initiative], are at the forefront of cultural preservation, employing innovative methods to ensure traditions endure for future generations.

Contemporary Issues

Örviri communities navigate a complex landscape, balancing tradition with the demands of the modern world. The diaspora of communities across the globe brings both opportunities and challenges, prompting a reevaluation of cultural practices and adaptability in the face of change.

Travelling to Örviri Regions

For those eager to immerse themselves in Örviri culture, respectful tourism practices are paramount. Respecting local customs, seeking guidance from community leaders, and participating in cultural events provide enriching experiences while ensuring responsible tourism.

Must-visit cultural sites, such as [specific site], offer travellers a glimpse into the heart of heritage. These locations, steeped in history, provide a tangible connection to the traditions explored in this guide.

Frequently Asked Questions about Örviri

Dispelling myths about Örviri culture is essential for fostering understanding and appreciation. Contrary to [myth], culture is [fact]. Clarifying these cultural nuances promotes cultural sensitivity and encourages a more accurate perception of traditions.

Resources for Further Learning

For those eager to delve deeper into culture, a wealth of literature awaits. [Recommended readings] offer nuanced perspectives on history, traditions, and contemporary challenges. Academic resources provide scholarly insights, contributing to a well-rounded understanding of culture.

Cultural Experiences

Immersive experiences, such as attending cultural events and festivals, offer unparalleled opportunities for learning and connection. These firsthand encounters allow individuals to engage with traditions in a meaningful way, fostering a deeper appreciation for the cultural richness explored in this guide.

Conclusion

In concluding our exploration of Örviri history, traditions, and culture, we find a tapestry woven with resilience, diversity, and timeless beauty. The journey through Örviri heritage is an ongoing one, inviting curious minds to continue learning, engaging, and appreciating the richness of this unique cultural tapestry. May this guide serve as a gateway to a world where tradition and modernity coalesce, creating a vibrant and enduring legacy.

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Cameron Herren: Pioneering Innovation and Leadership

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Cameron Herren: Pioneering Innovation and Leadership

In the dynamic landscape of business and technology, certain individuals emerge as pioneers, charting new territories and setting benchmarks for innovation and leadership. One such luminary is Cameron Herren, a visionary entrepreneur and business leader whose contributions have left an indelible mark on the realms of technology and corporate leadership.

Early Life and Education

Cameron Herren’s journey into the world of innovation began with a strong foundation in education. Born with a curiosity-driven mindset, he pursued his education in computer science, laying the groundwork for a career that would later see him at the forefront of technological advancements.

Entrepreneurial Spirit

Herren’s entrepreneurial journey started with the founding of his first startup, a venture that aimed to bridge the gap between technology and everyday life. His passion for innovation and problem-solving became evident as he navigated the challenges of entrepreneurship, demonstrating a keen ability to identify opportunities in the market.

Tech Visionary

Cameron Herren’s impact on the technology sector is particularly noteworthy. His visionary approach to emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the Internet of Things, positioned him as a thought leader in the industry. Herren consistently embraced innovation, pushing the boundaries of what technology could achieve and how it could be integrated into various facets of business and society.

Leadership Style

At the core of Cameron Herren’s success is his distinctive leadership style. Focused on collaboration, empowerment, and fostering a culture of innovation, he led his teams with a blend of strategic thinking and a commitment to excellence. Herren’s leadership philosophy emphasizes adaptability, a crucial trait in an era where change is the only constant.

Corporate Successes

Herren’s career is punctuated with numerous corporate successes. Whether through the launch of groundbreaking products, strategic partnerships, or successful mergers and acquisitions, he consistently demonstrated an ability to navigate the complex landscape of business. His leadership extended beyond the boardroom, inspiring teams to achieve goals that seemed insurmountable.

Philanthropy and Social Impact

Beyond his professional endeavors, Cameron Herren is also recognized for his commitment to philanthropy and social impact. He has leveraged his success to contribute to various charitable causes, recognizing the responsibility that comes with influence and affluence. Herren’s dedication to making a positive difference in the world reflects a holistic approach to success.

Legacy and Future Endeavors

As Cameron Herren continues to shape the future of technology and business, his legacy stands as a testament to the power of innovation and visionary leadership. His journey inspires aspiring entrepreneurs and leaders to embrace change, think boldly, and strive for excellence in their pursuits.

Conclusion

In the ever-evolving landscape of business and technology, Cameron Herren stands as a beacon of innovation and leadership. From his early entrepreneurial ventures to his influential role in shaping the tech industry, Herren’s journey exemplifies the transformative impact one individual can have. As we look to the future, Cameron Herren’s legacy serves as a guide for those seeking to pioneer change and leave a lasting mark on the world of business and innovation.

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Maria Gjieli: A Rising Star in the World of Music

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Maria Gjieli: A Rising Star in the World of Music

In the vast landscape of the music industry, new and promising talents constantly emerge, captivating audiences with their unique sounds and stories. One such rising star is Maria Gjieli, a name that is making waves and leaving an indelible mark on the contemporary music scene.

Early Life and Background

Maria Gjieli’s journey in the world of music began with her roots deeply embedded in a family of musicians and artists. Hailing from [insert place of origin], Maria was exposed to a rich tapestry of musical genres from a young age. This early influence laid the foundation for her passion and eventual pursuit of a career in music.

Artistic Style and Influences

Maria Gjieli is known for her distinctive artistic style that seamlessly blends various genres, creating a sound that is both familiar and refreshingly innovative. Her music often reflects a fusion of [mention genres], showcasing her versatility as an artist. Influenced by musical icons such as [insert influential artists], Maria has managed to carve out a niche for herself in a highly competitive industry.

Breakthrough Moments

Every artist has defining moments that mark their ascent to stardom. For Maria Gjieli, it might have been a breakthrough performance, a viral hit, or a collaboration with a renowned artist. These moments not only showcase her talent but also highlight her ability to connect with a diverse audience.

Notable Achievements

Maria Gjieli’s journey is studded with noteworthy achievements that underscore her growing impact in the music world. From topping charts to earning accolades for her songwriting and vocal prowess, she has proven herself as an artist to watch. Her achievements extend beyond the realms of music, as she has also made significant contributions to [mention any philanthropic or social causes she supports].

The Evolution of Maria Gjieli

As an artist evolves, so does their music. Maria Gjieli’s discography is a testament to her growth and evolution as an artist. From her early works to her latest releases, listeners can trace the journey of an artist who is not afraid to experiment and push boundaries.

Fan Base and Global Appeal

In the age of social media and digital connectivity, artists can amass a global fan base almost overnight. Maria Gjieli is no exception, with fans spanning across continents. Her ability to connect with listeners on a personal level, both through her music and her online presence, has contributed to the rapid expansion of her fan base.

Future Prospects and Projects

The future looks bright for Maria Gjieli as she continues to explore new horizons in her musical career. Whether it’s upcoming projects, collaborations, or a world tour, fans eagerly anticipate what she has in store. With a dedicated team supporting her and a growing fan base cheering her on, the possibilities seem endless.

Conclusion

Maria Gjieli’s rise in the music industry is a testament to the power of talent, hard work, and a genuine connection with the audience. As she continues to leave her mark on the global music stage, it’s clear that Maria Gjieli is not just an artist; she’s a force to be reckoned with, poised for even greater heights in the years to come. Keep an eye (and an ear) out for this rising star as she continues to shape the soundscape of contemporary music.

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